Article 36 – Definition of the State

Quick Reference: Meaning of “State” for DPSP

In this Part, “the State” has the same meaning as in Part III.

Article 37 – Application of the principles

Quick Reference: DPSP are guidelines, not enforceable in court

The provisions contained in this Part shall not be enforceable by any court, but the principles laid down are fundamental in the governance of the country and it shall be the duty of the State to apply them in making laws.

Article 38 – State to secure a social order

Quick Reference: Promote welfare and justice

The State shall strive to promote the welfare of the people by securing a social order in which justice—social, economic, and political—shall inform all institutions of the national life.

Article 39 – Certain principles of policy to be followed by the State

Quick Reference: Equal distribution, adequate livelihood, prevent concentration of wealth

The State shall direct its policy towards securing: adequate means of livelihood, equal pay for equal work, prevention of concentration of wealth, and protection of children and youth against exploitation.

Article 40 – Organisation of village panchayats

Quick Reference: Local self-government in villages

The State shall take steps to organize village panchayats and endow them with powers to function as units of self-government.

Article 41 – Right to work, education and public assistance

Quick Reference: Promote work, education, and social security

The State shall make provisions for securing the right to work, to education, and to public assistance in cases of unemployment, old age, sickness, and disablement.

Article 42 – Just and humane conditions of work and maternity relief

Quick Reference: Fair work conditions, maternity benefits

The State shall make provision for securing just and humane conditions of work and for maternity relief.

Article 43 – Living wage, etc., for workers

Quick Reference: Living wage, decent standard of life

The State shall endeavor to secure, by suitable legislation or economic organization, a living wage, a decent standard of life, and conditions of work ensuring a dignified life for all workers.

Article 44 – Uniform civil code

Quick Reference: Promote uniform personal laws

The State shall endeavor to secure for the citizens a uniform civil code throughout the territory of India.

Article 45 – Provision for free and compulsory education

Quick Reference: Early childhood care and education

The State shall endeavor to provide early childhood care and education for all children until they complete the age of six years.

Article 46 – Promotion of educational and economic interests of SC/ST

Quick Reference: Protect and promote SC/ST interests

The State shall promote the educational and economic interests of Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, and other weaker sections and protect them from social injustice and all forms of exploitation.

Article 47 – Duty to raise nutrition, standard of living, and public health

Quick Reference: Improve nutrition, living standards, and health

The State shall regard raising the level of nutrition and the standard of living of its people and the improvement of public health as among its primary duties.

Article 48 – Organisation of agriculture and animal husbandry

Quick Reference: Promote agriculture and animal welfare

The State shall endeavor to organize agriculture and animal husbandry on modern and scientific lines and take steps to preserve and improve cattle breeds.

Article 48A – Protection and improvement of environment and forests

Quick Reference: Environmental protection

The State shall endeavor to protect and improve the environment and safeguard forests and wildlife of the country.

Article 49 – Protection of monuments, places, and objects of national importance

Quick Reference: Preserve national heritage

The State shall protect every monument or place or object of national importance declared by the Government.

Article 50 – Separation of judiciary from executive

Quick Reference: Independent judiciary

The State shall take steps to separate the judiciary from the executive in the public services of the State.

Article 51 – Promotion of international peace and security

Quick Reference: Promote peace, respect for international law, and treaty obligations

The State shall endeavor to promote international peace and security, maintain just and honorable relations between nations, foster respect for international law and treaty obligations, and encourage settlement of international disputes by arbitration.