Article 245 – Extent of laws made by Parliament and by the Legislatures of States
Parliament may make laws for the whole or any part of the territory of India and the Legislature of a State may make laws for the whole or any part of the State.
No law made by the Legislature of a State shall be inconsistent with any law made by Parliament which Parliament is competent to enact.
Article 246 – Subject-matter of laws made by Parliament and by the Legislatures of States
(1) Notwithstanding anything in article 245, Parliament has exclusive power to make laws with respect to any of the matters enumerated in List I in the Seventh Schedule.
(2) Parliament, and, subject to clause (1), the Legislature of a State, has power to make laws with respect to any of the matters enumerated in List III.
(3) Subject to clauses (1) and (2), the Legislature of a State has exclusive power to make laws for such State with respect to any of the matters enumerated in List II.
Article 247 – Power of President to give directions to States as to drawing up of legislation
Where any matter enumerated in the Union List relates to the State List in such manner that Parliament would be competent to make laws with respect to that matter in a State if it were included in the Union List, the President may direct the State to refrain from making any law on the matter or may direct the State to follow a particular procedure for legislation.
Article 248 – Residuary powers of legislation
Parliament has exclusive power to make laws with respect to any matter not enumerated in any of the Lists in the Seventh Schedule.
Article 249 – Power of Parliament to legislate with respect to a matter in the State List in the national interest
If the Rajya Sabha declares by resolution that it is necessary or expedient in the national interest that Parliament should make laws with respect to any matter enumerated in the State List, Parliament may make laws for the whole or any part of India with respect to that matter, notwithstanding that it is a matter enumerated in the State List.
Article 250 – Temporary legislation by Parliament for two or more States
Parliament may make laws for two or more States in the exercise of its powers under article 249, for a period not exceeding one year, and may from time to time extend such period.
Article 251 – Inconsistency of laws made by Parliament and by the Legislatures of States
If any provision of a law made by the Legislature of a State is repugnant to a law made by Parliament which Parliament is competent to enact, the law made by Parliament shall prevail, and the law made by the Legislature of the State shall, to the extent of the repugnancy, be void.
Article 252 – Power of Parliament to legislate for two or more States by consent and adoption of such legislation by any other State
If two or more States by resolution agree that Parliament should make laws for those States, Parliament may make laws for them, and any other State may adopt such legislation by resolution of its Legislature.
Article 253 – Legislation for giving effect to international agreements
Parliament has power to make any law for the whole or any part of India for implementing any treaty, agreement, or convention with any other country or countries.
Article 254 – Inconsistency of laws made by States with laws made by Parliament
(1) If any provision of a law made by the Legislature of a State is repugnant to a law made by Parliament which Parliament is competent to enact, the law made by Parliament prevails, and the law made by the State Legislature shall be void to the extent of the repugnancy.
(2) Nothing in this article shall prevent the State from making laws with respect to matters not covered by the law made by Parliament.
Article 255 – Provisions as to the applicability of laws made by Parliament
Every law made by Parliament shall be laid before each House of Parliament as soon as may be after it is passed, in such manner as the President may direct.
Article 256 – Obligation of States and the Union
The executive power of every State shall be so exercised as to ensure compliance with the laws made by Parliament and any existing laws which apply in the State.
The Union and every State shall ensure that the executive action in the State is such as to give effect to the provisions of any law made by Parliament.
Article 257 – Control of the Union over States in certain cases
Parliament may make laws giving directions to a State regarding the construction and maintenance of means of communication declared by Parliament to be of national importance.
Article 258 – Power of the Union to confer powers, etc., on States
The Union may confer powers on States or officers of States to enable them to carry out functions of the Union, and may impose conditions on such powers.
Article 259 – Restriction on laws made by Parliament
While a Proclamation of Emergency is in operation, Parliament may legislate for a State only with the consent of the President and any other conditions as may be prescribed.
Article 260 – Taxes not to be imposed by States in certain cases
No State shall levy taxes on goods imported from other States or on the sale or purchase of goods in inter-State trade, except as permitted by Parliament.
Article 261 – Protection of rights in respect of property, contracts, and contracts
The rights and liabilities in respect of property, contracts, and obligations shall be protected by law and enforced uniformly throughout India.
Article 262 – Adjudication of disputes relating to waters of inter-State rivers or river valleys
Parliament may provide for the adjudication of disputes relating to waters of inter-State rivers or river valleys.
Article 263 – Provisions with respect to an Inter-State Council
The President may establish an Inter-State Council to inquire into and advise upon disputes or matters of common interest between States.